What is Astigmatism?
What is Astigmatism?
Astigmatism is a common visual condition caused by an irregular curvature of the cornea or lens. Instead of having a perfectly round shape, the cornea or lens is more oval, like a football. This irregularity alters the path of light rays, preventing them from properly focusing on the retina, resulting in blurred vision at both near and far distances.
Symptoms of Astigmatism
Blurred or distorted vision, both near and far
Eye strain after prolonged periods of reading or screen work
Frequent headaches
Difficulty seeing clearly at varying distances
Excessive blinking or squinting to try to improve vision
Causes of Astigmatism
Astigmatism can be hereditary and present from childhood. However, it can also occur after an eye injury, surgery, or due to certain conditions like keratoconus. Common causes include:
Irregular corneal shape: A cornea that is slightly oval rather than round
Genetics: Astigmatism can run in families
Eye trauma or surgeries: Procedures that alter the corneal curvature
Keratoconus: A degenerative condition that progressively thins and distorts the cornea
Diagnosing Astigmatism
During a comprehensive eye exam, an optometrist uses specialized tests to analyze the curvature of the cornea and measure visual acuity. These tests provide an accurate diagnosis of the degree of astigmatism and help determine appropriate corrective options.
Astigmatism Correction Options
Prescription Glasses: Lenses designed to counteract the irregular curvature of the cornea, correcting the blurred vision caused by astigmatism.
Toric Contact Lenses: Unlike standard lenses, toric lenses are specifically tailored to address astigmatism, offering more stable and clear vision.
Refractive Surgery: Procedures like LASIK or PRK can reshape the cornea to correct astigmatism. An optometrist can assess if this option is suitable for you.