Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disease that affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp vision and detail. This condition causes a gradual loss of central vision, making activities such as reading, recognizing faces, or driving difficult. AMD is one of the leading causes of vision loss in people over the age of 50.

Types of AMD:

• Dry AMD: The most common form, characterized by gradual vision loss.

• Wet AMD: Less common but more serious, it is characterized by the abnormal growth of blood vessels beneath the retina, leading to leakage and scarring. Vision loss occurs more rapidly.

Symptoms of AMD:

• Blurred or distorted vision in the central part of the visual field

• Difficulty recognizing faces

• An increased need for light when reading or looking at things up close

• Straight lines that appear curved (metamorphopsia)

• Dark or white spots in central vision

Risk factors for AMD:

• Age (50 or older)

• Genetics (family history)

• Smoking, which doubles the risk

• High blood pressure and high cholesterol

• Unprotected exposure to UV rays

Screening and Diagnosis of AMD

Our optometrists in Gatineau use state-of-the-art tools such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and retinal imaging to detect early signs of AMD. These exams allow us to visualize the structure of the macula and identify abnormalities before symptoms worsen.

Treatments for AMD:

• Dry AMD: There is no cure, but dietary supplements rich in antioxidants and zinc may slow the progression of the disease. Regular follow-up is recommended.

• Wet AMD: Injections of anti-VEGF agents (administered by an ophthalmologist) help block the abnormal growth of blood vessels and stabilize vision. Photodynamic therapy is sometimes used.

Prevention of AMD:

Although it is impossible to completely prevent it, you can reduce your risk by following these tips:

• Quit smoking

• Wear sunglasses with UV protection

• Eat a diet rich in antioxidants, green vegetables, and omega-3s

• Get regular eye exams, especially if you have a family history of eye problems

Schedule an appointment at Altitude Optometry

If you are experiencing blurred vision or are at risk for AMD, make an appointment with an optometrist at Altitude Optométrie Gatineau for a comprehensive eye exam. Our optometrists are here to diagnose and manage this condition to protect your central vision.