Age-related macular degeneration
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a condition that affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for detailed and fine vision. This condition causes a gradual loss of central vision, making activities like reading, recognizing faces, or driving challenging. AMD is one of the leading causes of vision loss in people over 50.
Types of AMD:
Dry AMD: The most common form, with a slow progression of vision loss.
Wet AMD: Less common but more severe, characterized by abnormal blood vessel growth under the retina, leading to leakage and scarring. Vision loss occurs more rapidly.
Symptoms of AMD:
Blurred or distorted central vision
Difficulty recognizing faces
Increased need for light to read or see up close
Straight lines appearing wavy (metamorphopsia)
Dark or blank spots in central vision
Risk Factors for AMD:
Age (over 50)
Family history of AMD
Smoking, which doubles the risk
High blood pressure and elevated cholesterol
UV exposure without protection
Screening and Diagnosis of AMD at Altitude Optometry in Gatineau
Our optometrists in Gatineau use advanced tools like optical coherence tomography (OCT) and retinal imaging to detect early signs of AMD. These tests allow us to visualize the macula’s structure and identify abnormalities before symptoms worsen.
AMD Treatments:
Dry AMD: There is no cure, but antioxidant and zinc supplements may slow progression. Regular monitoring is recommended.
Wet AMD: Anti-VEGF injections (administered by an ophthalmologist) help block abnormal blood vessel growth and stabilize vision. Photodynamic therapy is sometimes used.
Preventing AMD:
While complete prevention is not possible, you can lower your risk by following these tips:
Quit smoking
Wear sunglasses with UV protection
Eat a diet rich in antioxidants, green vegetables, and omega-3s
Get regular eye exams, especially if you have a family history of AMD